Can Facebook Ruin Romantic Relationships Research Paper - 1

Can Facebook Ruin Romantic Relationships - Research Paper Example There have been favorable circumstances of Facebooking like the ones spelt above. It is where individuals can have a ton of fun that incorporates sharing old and new photographs (Persimmons). By utilization of its online visit room, there is manifestations and supporting of various connections. It has likewise prepared investment of individuals in battles and get-togethers. This has finishes by saying that it improves cooperation and further reinforces social connection inside a network. Be that as it may, Facebook has allegations of destroying connections that are impractically based and adequate proof has been gotten the job done to clarify this pitiful marvel. Facebook has been endorsed for use with one’s darling family yet it is awful for connections (Persimmons). One reason that have been presented to disclose Face book’s propensity to destroy connections is that it fills envy inclinations and bizarre conduct in individuals who are seeing someone (Persimmons). A model is the point at which a man/lady in a relationship refreshes his/her Facebook status and the remarks he/she gets are of sexual nature yet inclining towards a joke. This may prompt the accomplice getting steamed and the outcome is relationship breakdown. Envy subverts connections and Facebook can be a decent motivation of such desire inclinations. Individuals have subsequently become casualty to this desire propensity in their relationship arrangements. Facebook additionally has a profile segment that has a relationship individual status area. The site tells everybody at whatever point an individual changes their status. Tension is made at whatever point something like this is changed (Persimmons). For instance, when someone is calmly dating someone else, their status peruses ‘it is complicated’. As a general rule, modifying one’s relationship status drives top unforgiving and awkward connections combined with dubious discussions that murder the confidence of proceeding with any given relationship.â   â

Women Priests Essay -- essays research papers fc

     If one was to make a stride back and take a gander at our general public as a entire one would see that women’s rights have changed significantly throughout the only remaining century. Ladies are no more expected to get hitched, have youngsters, and remain at home to deal with their family. Ladies have left the home and entered the work power. There have been numerous laws gone to forestall the separation of ladies and to ensure that they are dealt with similarly.      Certainly, one can say that there is as yet a battle between the genders over the association of current society. Society has for sure grasped a sexual orientation war of sorts through the ages which has finished in a result that announces the male the victor. One case of this is ladies are definitely not permitted to be appointed as clerics in the Catholic Church.      As a kid, I went to Catholic schools until high school. I was told by for the most part nuns. I can recall that when the minister came into the room we would need to stand up as an indication of regard towards our confidence. As I got more seasoned, I started to imagine that nuns are a piece of the strict life however we don’t need to treat them with this equivalent regard. During my catholic instruction, I was encouraged that God made us in his picture and similarity. In the event that this is valid, and as Christians we accept that Christ is the fullest appearance of God, how might they say that lone men picture God? Are ladies unequipped for uncovering God?      A hundred years prior, ladies had small remaining in the Catholic Church, as in the public arena when all is said in done. Ladies were definitely not permitted to: get fellowship during their month to month time spans what's more, subsequent to bringing forth a youngster they should have been cleansed before returning a congregation building. Ladies were carefully illegal to contact sacrosanct things, for example, the goblet, the paten, or the modify material. They surely proved unable convey blessed fellowship. While in chapel, ladies need to have their heads hidden consistently. Ladies were moreover banned from entering the haven aside from cleaning purposes, perusing Sacred Scripture from the podium, lecturing, singing in a congregation ensemble, being modify servers, turning out to be full individuals from confraternities and associations of the people, and above all ladies were banned from getting Holy Orders.      In our time today with the new awarenes... ...you were to stroll into a Catholic Church this Sunday you would in all probability observe a ladies on the modify. Be that as it may this ladies would not be tired the extravagant vestments standing behind the change. Ladies have made some amazing progress, yet until a ladies can be appointed as a cleric, Catholic Churches will keep on playing on sex roles.â â â â â      Although I am not and never will be keen on turning into a cleric myself, I feel that barring ladies from the organization in view of their sex is biased.  â â â â â â â â â  â â â â List of sources Bartusch, D., Matsueda, R. â€Å"Gender, reflected evaluations, what's more, naming a cross-bunch trial of an interactionst hypothesis of delinquency.† Social Forces (1996). Greeley, A. (1984). Irate Catholic Women. Illinois: The Thomas More Press. Ruether, R. (1985). Ladies Church, Theology and Practice. New York: Harper and Row Publishers. Sweeney, T. (1992). A Church Divided. NewYork: Prometheus Books. Swidler, L. (1977). Ladies Priest; A Catholic Commentary on the Vatican Declaration. New York: Paulist Press.  â â â â

Penn State Abington Essay Sample Ideas

Penn State Abington Essay Sample IdeasPenn State Abington students will find many essay samples to choose from when selecting their subjects for the semester. No matter what area of study you plan on focusing on, you will find plenty of topics to write about. This article will examine some of the many areas that you should research in order to succeed in your career preparation class.One of the first areas of interest that you should look into when looking at Penn State Abington essay samples is the writing environment of the author. There are different styles and standards in the academic world. Each author is under a different set of standards for writing, which can make it difficult to connect with your fellow classmates. Some of the choices that you will have to make in order to get along in your career preparation class which books to purchase and what style of writing is acceptable.The next area that Penn State Abington essay samples may discuss is how to prepare your writing s kills. While you may be somewhat advanced in this area, you still need to learn some new techniques that you can incorporate into your writing. Some of the techniques that you will learn include developing good writing habits, such as not trying to start a story the first time you write. Additionally, try to develop the ability to think outside of the box when writing.Even if you are well educated, you should always work to improve your writing abilities, even if you have a high school or college degree. The ability to speak and write effectively will go a long way toward making yourself successful in whatever you choose to pursue. Instead of writing about why you want to go to Penn State Abington or what you expect to gain from the course, try to incorporate words that can get others interested in your class.Penn State Abington essay samples can help you achieve success in your career preparation class if you learn to use your written skills to reach out to others. The more you bec ome involved in the activities of the college, the more you will begin to learn and adapt. Use your writing ability to express yourself and then make an effort to make connections with other students.One of the ways that you can be successful in your career preparation class is to try to develop your own written style, such as the methods that Penn State Abington essay samples will discuss. You should always be able to meet people where they are and then communicate your ideas to them in a way that they can understand. Writing with complete honesty will also help you reach out to others.In order to be successful in your career preparation class, you should look to Penn State Abington essay samples for several different reasons. First, you should be able to understand what your goals are, especially when you are trying to find the right career for you. Many people find the decision to move to Abington very difficult, but there are many opportunities to move forward with your educatio n, even if you have a difficult family background.The Penn State Abington essay samples that you will use will not only provide you with specific tips, but will also discuss how you can be successful in your career preparation class. Some of the topics that you will need to research include how to increase your writing skills, and how to express yourself clearly and effectively. The goals and expectations of the Abington College will also be discussed in these writings. In addition, the pace of the classes will be discussed so that you can meet your goals as soon as possible.

Israel Is A Small Democracy At The Eastern End Of The...

Israel is a small democracy at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea, with a 2016 population of 8.17 million, of which, 74.8 percent is Jewish; most of the rest of Israel s population is Arab. The term Arab denotes persons descended from tribes inhabiting the Arabian Peninsula or persons speaking the Arabic language. By this definition, there are about 250 million Arabs worldwide, most found in the group of countries occupying North Africa and the western part of the Middle East. Most Arabs are Muslims, but a significant minority (about 10 percent) in the Arab Middle East are Christians, and some are secular (profess no religion). Most Israelis and many non-Israeli Jews, as well as other supporters of Israel worldwide, see Israel as†¦show more content†¦Israel then declared its independence on 14 May 1948; it was quickly recognized by the United States, the Soviet Union, and many other countries. The new nation of Israel was also immediately attacked by neighboring Arab states. Israel prevailed in the conflict and, in the process, secured more territory for itself than had been stipulated under the UN partition plan. More than seven hundred thousand Palestinians remained displaced after the war, and were considered refugees. They settled in camps in nearby Arab nations. Central to the ongoing Arab-Israeli conflict is the question of Palestinian statehood. Palestinians refer to their departure from Israel as the nakba or â€Å"disaster.† The refugees and their descendants, the Palestinians, today reside in the coastal Gaza Strip to Israel s south and along the west bank of the Jordan River, to Israel s east. In 1949, the UN arranged a ceasefire in Israel, setting a boundary around it known as the Green Line. In 1967, during the Six-Day War fought between Israel and the combined forces of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, Israel s victory enabled it to extend its borders beyond the Green Line, into the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, and begin building settlements there. These areas are known as the Occupied Territories. Many Palestinians, Arabs, and others view the Israeli occupation of the Occupied Territories as having as its ultimate goal theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Israel and The Palestinians1427 Words   |  6 Pages In the Middle East region, there is a single country that stands out from the rest, a beacon of light on the very edge of civilization; that country is Israel. A country surrounded on all sides by its sworn enemies, determined to bring about its downfall. These resilient people have not only survived this tumultuous area but have prospered, and in this short essay paper, we wi ll examine the reasons why this is by primarily examining their culture. We are going to do this by taking a close lookRead MoreThe Middle East And The European Powers Changes During The Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries1294 Words   |  6 Pagesthat time. As we know, the Middle East is the region in southwestern Asia (eastern Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf), with desert stretches where biodiversity is low. In wetter areas, close to rivers, human activity flourished from ancient times to the Mesopotamian civilization, Jewish, Christian and Islamic. It comprises the following countries: Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Turkey, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Palestine and the UnitedRead MoreThis paper is about the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict and favors the side of Israel. Basically a persuasive essay and argues for Israel.2639 Words   |  11 PagesSince the establishment of Israel in 1948, there has been constant fig hting between Israelis and Arabs. The Israelis have the right to live peacefully in Israel, but there is a conflict because the Palestinians feel that Israel is their land. During recent years the conflict in the Middle East had been exploded on to our television screens. Day after day images of violence and suffering have dominated the news. Scenes of heavily armed Israeli soldiers facing young Palestinian children hurling stonesRead MoreArab Nationalism and Syria Essay3250 Words   |  13 PagesDescription of Country Syria is a country located in the Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey. The modern nation of Syria did not exist until the 20th century, although the idea of Syria has been in existence since at least the time of the Prophet Muhammad. The name â€Å"Syria†, was first used by the Greeks, historically identifying the region at the eastern end of the Mediterranean lying between Egypt and Asia Minor. Greater Syria, the larger region (called thisRead MoreNation of Israel Essay2927 Words   |  12 PagesNation of Israel Background: History and general facts about Israel Along the eastern coastline of the Mediterranean Sea, at the junction of three continents, lies a much disputed piece of land, now known as the country of Israel. Although this land is now controlled by its original inhabitants, the Jewish people have only had political power for the past half-century. After the Jewish people lost authority, the control of this piece of land changed hands numerous times. This land hasRead MoreYemen, The Happy Land Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesother countries. Yemen is an Arabic country located on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. According to World Population Review, Yemen is one of the oldest civilization centers in the North East, and the first country in the Arabian Peninsula to give women the right to vote. In terms of size, Yemen falls within the average of the countries in the Middle East. This amazing country is the second largest country in southern end of the Arabian Peninsula with a 2,000-kilometer coastline. As statedRead MoreA Look At Israel s Economy3116 Words   |  13 Pagestransitions to the world market. It is extremely important to understand the role of each country and how it conducts business in the global economy. The main focus of this essay is to take an indepth look at Israel’s economy both internally and globally. Israel has been around for millions of years and is one of the most fought over lands in the world. Israel’s history begins when the first zionist immigrants came to Palestine a fter World War I. The Zionists were a developed movement and their main goalRead MoreSst 1 Task 1 Wgu Essay2725 Words   |  11 Pagesat the Modern Institutions of the World Western Governors University In this paper I will be discussing the characteristics of a modern nation-state, the European Union, and a couple of the foreign policies of the United States. By the end of this paper there should be an understanding of what makes a modern nation-state and also some examples of countries that are either a nation or state. To understand what a nation-state is, you must first understand what both a state and a nationRead More Truman Doctrine Essay example2407 Words   |  10 PagesSoon after, he sent bombers to the Middle East. He desired the return of all arms given to U.S.S.R. under the Lend-Lease Act. There isnt a doubt in my mind that Russia intends an invasion of Turkey and seizure of the Black Sea straits to the Mediterranean. Unless Russia is faced with an iron fist and strong language another war is in the making, How many divisions have you?Truman had his eye on the Soviets and on war. However, The U.S.S.R. never made such invasions and thus quelled Trumans paranoiaRead MoreEssay about Israel And The Palestinians2991 Words   |  12 Pages Israel and the Palestinians Israel is situated at the connection of Africa and Asia. It is 20,000 square kilometres and unlike its neighbour Arab states it lacks natural resources. Lebanon and Syria border it in the north, Jordan in the east and Egypt to the south. Israel has also been holding Golan Heights, the Gaza Strip and the West Bank of the River Jordan since 1967. It has an extremely varied geography and climate. Most of the coastline lies on the Mediterranean Sea. In the south are the

Making College A More Peaceful Time - 954 Words

Making College a More Peaceful Time In America, students usually go through about 13 years of schooling until they can finally attend a college or university. It is often the first time where adolescents will have more freedom in their lives because it is their choice on whether they want to continue their education or not. If they choose to continue their education, they will have to take on more responsibilities in their life that will help them with their future. A student’s journey through college can often be a rollercoaster because they are experiencing multiple new situations while having to focus on their education. This can cause students to have problems that they do not always for because they do not know how to handle their situation. A few of the problems that college students face are having trouble paying for tuition, procrastination with their work and feeling stressed out. It is going to be tough for a student handle these problems but if they have hope and co me up with a plan these problems can get solved. The expenses for college and especially university can be extreme for any student to pay because tuition can be thousands of dollars. Besides the wealthy, it will be very difficult for anyone to pay this tuition because most people do not earn enough money. Getting a student loan is a decent option for the time being, but it can be difficult to pay off the loan in the long run. The best option to choose is to apply for a scholarship because it does notShow MoreRelatedRacism At The University Of Mississippi1233 Words   |  5 PagesImagine being a student of low economic status that has always dreamed of going to a world renowned university but the stench of racism still looms at the well-known college. The racism displayed at this university is undeniable and very visible which in result scares away many diverse students. Colleges claim to be diverse but with the lack of minorities due to the recognizable racism issues and problems t his proposes an important matter. Racism at The University of Mississippi can be solved byRead MoreNo American Dream for Some747 Words   |  3 Pagesmany years. Unfortunately, that dream was not for all Americans during the time of segregation. Eventually it was possible due to two very successful African-American leaders. These two inspirational men had the same idea of making America a better country, but they did not have the same strategies as in to how to make it better. Martin Luther King believed in reaching African-American equality in the most peaceful way possible. â€Å"Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light can do thatRead MoreCosmopolitan s : Myth Or Truth?1531 Words   |  7 Pagespeace cannot be created, it has to be naturally formed by people who understand one another, and understand that certain places need to be peaceful. In Elijah Anderson’s The Cosmopolitan Canopy; Race and Civility in Everyday Life, he describes places called â€Å"Cosmopolitan Canopies†. According to Anderson, cosmopolitan canopies are places where everyone is peaceful and civil towards one another. People of all races get along in these places and no one outwardly judges each other in a harsh manner. JudgingRead More How to be a Good College Student Essay541 Words   |  3 PagesHow to be a Good College Student College is a competitive environment; in order to succeed in it a student needs certain skills. Those skills can only be learned. A college professor mentioned that there five basic rules that need to be followed in order to become a good student: study, do all the homework and the assigned reading, attend class, and, most importantly, develop self-discipline and time management 1. In the following lines, a detailed analysis of those different steps will be doneRead MoreGandhi : Man Of Power853 Words   |  4 Pages Gandhi: Man of Power When we think of leaders, we all have certain characteristics that come to mind. We consider those who are leaders, to be a person who had done something special in their time. That something may have changed something in their local community, or it may have changed the world (Lal, 2015). World history has known many examples of leaders that made a big change in the world. In the United States, there is little doubt that Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King are examples ofRead MoreMahatma Gandhi Research Paper1409 Words   |  6 PagesGandhi) raised him into a 6 sibling family. Mahatma Gandhi attended Samaldas Arts College in 1891 as that’s where he got most of the education at the college level. Gandhi had 4 sons with his wife Kasturba Gandhi who was born in 1833 and later passed in 1944. Mahatma was later assassinated by in January of 1948 in the Birla House of New Delhi India, as his killer (Nathuram Godse) shot him in the chest multiple times before he took his last breath. The way Gandhi influenced the citizens of India andRead MoreThe Love of My Life Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pages T. Coraghessan Boyle once said â€Å"As strong as love might be, there is always something stronger that could come along and shatter it† (After). T. Coraghessan Boyle was born in 1948 as Thomas John Boyle in Peekskill, New York. When Boyle went to college he never dreamed that one day he would have a major in Literature. He originally went to major in music as an aspiring saxophone player at SUNY Potsdam (Auteur†). â€Å"That did not work out because I did not have near the talent of my colleagues† heRead MoreMy Career Choice: Fashion Designer Essay775 Words   |  4 Pagesa creative side of my art ability and I want to make my clothing affordable for all as well. I think I influenced myself to wanting to become a fashion designer because I have a passion for art and wanting to become a fashion designer. I enjoy making sketches of clothing that one day will hopefully be available in stores all over. Fashion designing in my opinion is a way to express the unique side of your creativity, also fashion designing is a career that I believe I can achieve in so highlyRead MoreI Am Ready For College929 Words   |  4 Pagesdidn’t matter. What mattered right now was getting to the office on time. I needed to talk to him about something very important and if I was late that would be crucial time wasted. When I finally managed to make it to his office I was greeted with a hello and a huge smile as I quickly sat down. I plopped my bag next to me and we started talking. This time it wasn t to discuss what classes I should be taking to get ready for college, but it was about my family. I found myself in a state of uneasinessRead MoreImportance Of Freedom Of Speech1455 Words   |  6 Pagesin place. Richard Allsop believes the Greeks may have been one of the first nations to develop this system. â€Å"In Athens, the reforms of Solon in the 590s BC extended the right of citizens to express opinions, and the concept of free speech became a more practical reality after the reforms of Cleisthenes in Athens around 508 BC† (Allsop The Difficult History of Free Speech). It wasn’t until 1215 AD when the first basic human rights were established in the Magna Carta. While the Magna Carta didn’t explicitly

Finance 320 Questions on Finance - 910 Words

1. What are the key financial innovations that were developed during the 1980s. This is open-ended so there can be many answers. There are a myriad of financial innovations that were created throughout the 1980s were the result of the proliferation of credit instruments, types of securities, interest rates and rapid adoption of technologies that provided for greater accuracy and speed of trading. The five predominant catalysts of financial innovations during the 1980s including increased accuracy and speed of moving debt-based securities and aggregated investments in real-time from one asset classification to another; greater availability of analytics for measuring and managing risk; more effective data extraction analysis tools for gaining insights into very large data sets not available before; and the creation of more streamlined approaches to managing transactions as well (Dufey, Giddy, 1981) . These five factors are most responsible for securities innovations including pay-in-kind bonds, inflation-indexed bonds, convertible and exchange bonds specifically designed to mitigate risk while controlling short sales of debt equities they were tied to, in addition to the fine-tuning of credit default swaps and interest rate swaps meant to drive down the overall costs and risk of transaction while increasing potential returns (Marquis, Cunningham, 1990). These and other innovations that occurred during the 1980s were also designed to assuage or mitigate the exceptionalShow MoreRelatedHsm-340 Health Services Finance Midterm Exam Answers6611 Words   |  27 PagesHSM-340 Health Services Finance Midterm Exam Answers Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/hsm-340-health-services-finance-midterm-exam-answers/ HSM-340 Health Services Finance Midterm Exam Answers Question 1.1. (TCO 4) Which of the following is part of a statistics budget? (Points : 5) Output expectations Responsibility for estimation Estimation methodology All of the above Question 2.2. (TCO 4) Which budgetary issue causes the most strife in allRead MoreExample of a Financial Ratio Analysis for a Trading Company1161 Words   |  5 PagesGross Margin Net Operating profit (Income Statement) Sales 28.5% 427 1500 25.0% 300 1200 2009 2.b Net income after tax (NIAT) NIAT Sales 2.5% 38 1500 3.0% 36 1200 2 c. Return on Owners Equity NIAT Owners Equity 11.2% 38 340 11.3% 36 320 Conclusion: Management has improved the trading margin of the company, either by improving price, and or improving the direct input costs, such as transport costs of the delivery fleet - this could be via improved usage of the assets, better configurationRead MoreBusiness Information Systems Chapter 8 20349 Words   |  82 Pagesï » ¿Ã‚   True / False Questions    1.  Integrations allow separate systems to communicate directly with each other, eliminating the need for manual entry into multiple systems.   True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    2.  Integrations provide enterprisewide support and data access for a firms operations and business processes.   True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    3.  Enterprise application integration (EAI) connects the plans, methods, and tools aimed at integrating separate enterprise systems.   True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    4.  Integrations are achieved using enterpriseRead MoreThe Power Of Big Business1183 Words   |  5 PagesSmith to the public, but he halts the distribution of Smith’s paper to the state. Taylor hires people to physically steal papers telling the truth in order to maintain his acquired power. The ideals of freedom of speech that protect his ability to finance candidate are violated when he censors the boy rangers and other media outlets, a clear infringement of freedom of press. The manipulation of our elected leaders and news outlets breaches an ethical code—it strips the American people of the trueRead MoreMyres Majluf1919 Words   |  8 PagesPreparation Questions for Myers Majluf Article on Financing and Investing Decisions Tradicional Finance a) If the NPV of the project is positive, the firm should undertake the investment. b) Base in the formula I = E + S we can demonstrate what is the best decision for the company. For that we will make a numerical example. State 1 State 2 Asset-in.place a 150 50 Investment Opportunity (NPV) b 20 10 P I Debt (D) Lot of cash S E True Value (V) P+E V V old new = = = 115 150 0 Read MoreCooperative Procurement, Collaborative Procurement And Purchasing Consortia887 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Research Gap Key questions Key Literature The idea is how a combination of theories and frameworks concerning to Cooperative Procurement, e-Sourcing and Outsourcing can represent a benefit to SME and an opportunity for a new business. - Cooperative Procurement; Cooperative Purchasing; Collaborative Procurement and Purchasing Consortia. In the current literature, the concept of Cooperative Purchasing has been vaguely defined. Beyond that, there is a vast terminology to nominate the conceptRead MoreBenefits Of Saving For Retirement2600 Words   |  11 Pageshave to focus on what you can control. You have reasonable control over ordinary spending. You have less control over what you earn, and almost no control over accidents and investment returns. For the majority of people, managing their personal finances will be far more important than managing their portfolio or optimizing an investment strategy. The â€Å"simple† but not â€Å"easy† path to financial freedom is as follows: spend less than you make and consistently save/invest the difference. You only needRead MoreInternational Business Competing in the Global Marketplace 8th Edition Charles W. L. 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You would be given 4 or 5 questions similar to the ones found in this practice exam. You are, however, responsible for all material covered in the course whether or not that material is covered in this exam. 2. You will have 3 hours to write this exam. 3. Answer all questions in the spaces provided. Please write legibly. 4. Use of calculator is permitted, but please show how answers were obtained. A

Fisheries Resources

Question: Write an essay about the fisheries resources. Answer: Fisheries Resources Japan is a hotbed of earthquakes experiencing at least 300 earthquakes by the day. Based on recorded history, the country experiences, in every 30 years, a minimum of one earthquake with the magnitude of 8 and above. The active plates which are spread all over the country plus the oceanic and continental plates are to blame for this occurrence. Tsunamis tend to be generated during some of these earthquakes, case in point, the Tohoku Earthquake, which caused tremendous destruction to the seawalls and the fisheries resources. The seagrass bed communities have experienced some not so subtle changes as a result of the chaos created by these tsunamis (Miura, Sasaki, Chiba, 2012). A succinct overview of the period prior to the Tohoku earthquake points to a community that was dependent on fish products as their major protein source. On a larger scale, there has been a worldwide decline in the supply of fish products. The peak of 24 million tons has since been brought down to 20 million tons (Miura, Sasaki, Chiba, 2012). Japan has always been a giant in the field of fishing hitting 10 million tons of fish caught. This is no longer the case as 4 million tons is being celebrated as the highest figure. The trend is worrying. Another fact worthy of noting is, even though a decrease in supply should cause an increase in demand thereby an upward shift in prices, the prices of seafood seems to have remained constant. The Mongoku-ura bay area has seen a steady decrease in the number of fisherman by an estimated 60% (Miura, Sasaki, Chiba, 2012). People have resorted to other forms of income generation methods, oblivious of the potential of the fish industry. The need to increase their efforts in order to guarantee a big enough catch has discouraged many men, who over the years have seen, in other industries, less cumbersome methods of income generation. There are no incentives to engage in fishing due to the destruction of the fisheries resources by the tsunamis. The land subsidence that went as high as 1 meter because of the earthquake led to the disappearance of the seagrass beds that was mainly constituted by Zostera sp (Rogers, Kimbro, 2015). The effect of the disappearance to the aquatic life was overwhelming, and there is no understating its negative impact on the fishing industry. The same community that still had to deal with the massive destruction on their property and loss of their friends and families could not stomach such heavy blows. Nobody blames them for giving less attention to rebuilding their fisheries resources (Rogers, Kimbro, 2015). A radical environmentalist would argue that the changes in the seagrass beds due to natural forces and the eventual reduction of the dependence on fisheries resources was an advantage because it ensured survival of endangered aquatic life. One has to be a radical to make such arguments. Protection of species against extinction can be exercised through other means that would not affect the tastes and preferences of an entire community. The community has had to look for other sources of protein that have been known to create worse disturbance to the carbon footprint and vegetation on land. The level of destruction to the environment that goes into enjoying a kilogram of beef is worse than that which goes into enjoying a sushi dinner. Let that sink in for a minute. Short answer questions Discuss why high fisheries productivity is often found adjacent to the western sides of continents. List 2 such locations Down-welling and upwelling affect both the biological productivity and the temperature of the sea surface. Since upwelling is mostly common along the western sides of the continents, and because upwelling supports seagrass beds by generating favorable temperatures for aquatic life like planktons, fishes are more likely to survive on the western sides hence high productivity. Examples of such locations include Chile and Peru. For THREE marine finfish families that are major world fisheries, describe their Family and common name, distribution and where they are mostly caught, key aspects of their biology (e.g., open water pelagics, sex changers etc.), and capture methods. Black sea bass scientific is Centropristis striata, they are most commonly caught in the USA along Atlantic coastal waters with hooks. They are protogynous hermaphrodites. Pacific Cod scientific name is protogynous hermaphrodites, most commonly trawl-caught in the Pacific Ocean. They have an average lifespan of 9 years Tilapia Scientific name is Oreochromis spp., it is of an African original and is caught using fishing nets. They can reach the age of harvesting within ten months, making them very fast growers. The diagram below shows a yield curve for a fishery, intersected by a cost line (as fishing effort increases, so costs rise linearly in this example). Reproduce the diagram in your answer book, and show that "maximum economic yield, MEV" is less than "maximum sustained yield, MSV". How would this be different if a high-capital item like a large fishing vessel is purchased? When a high-capital item like a large fishing vessel is purchased, MEV would no longer be less than MSV in the short run. Describe 2 methods each of estimating the following demographic parameters for marine fishes: Fish movement Removal Model Abundance Estimates: In order to provide an estimate for fish abundance, the model utilizes standard depletion methods. This model assumes that the efficiency during sampling is generic during all the depletion captures. Probabilistic sampling: Probability sampling happens once all doable samples are enclosed within the choice method, the probability of choice is thought, and also the choice method is random. The foremost basic sampling procedure utilized in fish population sampling is straightforward sampling, during which a pre-set variety of sampling web sites hand-picked is chosen from all probabilities. Fish individual mortality Pauly 1980: this method associates natural mortality with the growth parameters of von Bertalanffy with the mean environmental temperatures. The temperatures are measure in degrees Celsius. The assumption is that there has to be a connection between the sizes of the fish with their natural mortality. Hoenig 1983: this method is commonly used to estimate fish individual mortality among the sharks. The idea is that the highest observed age can be used to predict the individual mortality of the sharks; sharks that have lived over a longer period tend to have a slower death rate. What are some of the key attributes of a sustainable fishery? Discuss the relative merits and problems with regulatory management of fisheries (e.g., effort limits, minimum legal size limits, spatial closures) vs consumer-driven product choice (e.g., Marine Stewardship Council and Ocean wise programs). Sustainable fisheries must be harvested at rates that are sustainable. There should be no point in time when fish harvesting leads to a decline in population of fish in their habitat. In this era of overfishing, subsistence of sustainable seafood is a major conundrum. Even though humanity regards the aquatic life as a suitable rich source of nutrients, regulation is key to ensuring the existence of a symbiotic relationship between man and the aquatic life. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are touted as important tools for both marine biodiversity conservation and fisheries management. Discuss the following in relation to MPAs: How marine parks differ from terrestrial national parks The overarching difference is that unlike in terrestrial national parks, people are prohibited from accessing the marine parks. Steps designing a MPA The most vital thing to note is getting the licencing and ensuring that you have the goodwill of the community in which the MPA is to be located. Limitations in MPAs as fisheries management tools Most of the MPAs allow a certain level of human interaction. Some have recreational facilities like fishing, hotels, et cetera. These human interactions may cause, to a certain extent, harm to the aquatic life. How MPAs can help managing fisheries They aid in sustenance of genetic diversity, ecological systems recovery, and areas utilized for scientific referencing. Oceanographic factors can greatly influence the production of fisheries. In particular, local processes can affect fisheries. Define the following (diagram) and discuss in relation to fish productivity or migration Western Boundary Currents (Eg EAC) They are deep, fast, warm, and narrow currents that flow on the ocean basins west side. They affect the circulation of nutrients and thus the migration of fishes. Local upwelling This is the process through which deep and cold waters rise approaching the surface. Areas that experience local upwelling tend to have a high population of fish since such areas have the right temperature for the survival of vegetation that the fishes heavily depend upon. Discuss both the dispersal capabilities of marine fish larvae, and some of the different modes of spawning of marine fishes, and how these are relevant to managing marine fish resources. Include specific examples. Marine fish larvae do not consume the same food as the adults thereby reducing competition among the two different groups within the same species. Some species, like pelagic larvae, can disperse over very long distances. This ensures that they colonize new territories to avoid the stressing of a particular territory for the same resources. The larvae, especially the long pelagic ones, have the capabilities to break the cycle of the parasites that attack them. Some of the modes of spawning include mouth brooders that yield juveniles or demersal post-larvae e.g. catfish, demersal eggs which yield pelagic larvae e.g. triggerfish, demersal eggs which yield juveniles or demersal post-larvae e.g. toadfishes. What life history attributes of a marine fish species would suggest that it is vulnerable to overfishing? Why? The decline in population of the large predator fishes point to the possibility that they are more susceptible to overfishing. These species have a large body size, and take a lot of time to mature and reproduce. Moreover, their parents need to invest a lot of time caring for their offspring. They also have a long life-span and averagely high trophic levels. Describe the operation of the Sydney Fish Market, specifically The Dutch auction method of fish sales During the Dutch auction, the auctioneer first asks for a high price for the product the crowd is bidding for and hen keeps on lowering it until someone in the crowd is interested in purchasing the product. Which products are not sold this way and why? Fish that are hard to catch, they fixed prices. What happens to fish that aren't sold on the day They remain frozen References Blaxter, J. H. (Ed.). (2012). The Early Life History of Fish: The Proceedings of an International Symposium Held at the Dunstaffnage Marine Research Laboratory of the Scottish Marine Biological Association at Oban, Scotland, from May 1723, 1973. Springer Science Business Media. Chan, T. Y. (2015). Ciguatoxic Potential of Brown-Marbled Grouper in Relation to Fish Size and Geographical Origin. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 93(5), 1117-1121. Jones, F. R. (2013). Fish migration. Miura, O., Sasaki, Y., Chiba, S. (2012). Destruction of populations of Batillaria attramentaria (Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae) by tsunami waves of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 78(4), 377-380. Pugh, D., Woodworth, P. (2014). Sea-level science: understanding tides, surges, tsunamis and mean sea-level changes. Cambridge University Press. Rogers, T. L., Kimbro, D. L. (2015). Causes and consequences of historical multi-trophic diversity change in an intertidal seagrass bed. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 540, 13. Singh, R., Bandi, M. M., Mahadevan, A., Mandre, S. (2016). Linear stability analysis for monami in a submerged seagrass bed. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 786, R1. Smith, R. J. F. (2012). The control of fish migration (Vol. 17). Springer Science Business Media. Sydeman, W. J., Garca-Reyes, M., Schoeman, D. S., Rykaczewski, R. R., Thompson, S. A., Black, B. A., Bograd, S. J. (2014). Climate change and wind intensification in coastal upwelling ecosystems. Science, 345(6192), 77-80. van der Geest, M., Sall, A. A., Ely, S. O., Nauta, R. W., van Gils, J. A., Piersma, T. (2014). Nutritional and reproductive strategies in a chemosymbiotic bivalve living in a tropical intertidal seagrass bed. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 501, 113-26.

Indian Farmers free essay sample

An Open Letter to the Government: A Young Indians Reaction to Farmer Suicides in India There is general saying that India’s future depends on the shoulder of youngsters. As a young and energetic citizen of India I would like to heed the attention of government of India in following areas through this letter. As we all know that India’s population is now about 1. 06 billion (as per 2004 survey). Out of this 1. 06 billion 65% of people solely depend on the agriculture for the livelihood ; it is well known fact that irrespective of the social status (rich/poor) every human being ought to be depend on the farmers to feed his /her stomach. When farmers are doing such an incredible job of producing, feeding and serving the nation on other side there are more instances farmers killing themselves due to various reasons. Even in our Tamilnadu there were reports regarding the farmers eating rats due to starvation and failed monsoon at thanjaur district in 2003; According to a government report more than 17000 Indian farmers a suicide themselves in 2009 ,a seven percentage rise on previous year. We will write a custom essay sample on Indian Farmers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In that context most suicide occurred in Andra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Punjab. Andra Pradesh accounted to the tune of 1313 in between 2005 to 2007. Maharashtra accounted to the tune of4453 farmer suicide. In Karnataka number stood at 1003. since 2005 to 2009 the cases in kerala were about 905, Gujarat 387, punjob 75 and tamilnadu 26. In April 2009 the state of chattier reported 1500 farmer suicide. The national crime records bureau reports that at least 17,368 Indian formers killed themselves in 2009 it is the worst figure for farmer suicide in past 6 years. As citizen of India, it is my bounden duty to bring the attention of government of India on this alarming rate of suicide by farmers’ . Even though there were agriculture loan waivers schemes by this ruling UPA government in 2009 to the tune of Rs 75000 crore the real farmers were not at all benefited out of that waiver. The reason is that the farmer usually won’t prefer to take loan from nationalized banks rather they prefer local money lender with higher rate of interest because of simple, easy and speedy way of availing loans. I would say that loan waiver was in fact benefited to only upper class farmers who availed loans for some other purpose by showing their lands. Moreover while analyzing the exact reason for the suicide the following areas are coming to the picture Firstly, the exploitation of farmers at the hands of the suppliers of farm inputs and the numerous act of omission and commission on the part of government in fixing the adequate price of their agriculture products In addition to this the farmers doesn’t know the various loan facility available at nationalized banks and even they know they are inclined to approach bank due to vague ; ambiguous procedure to avail loan at banks . ence the farmer usually got in the hand of unscrupulous local money lender and been exploited by them. Besides this there are some other corroborative reasons which push a farmer to end his life such as accumulated debt, crop failure, failure to update new technology in agriculture, failed rain fall, inadequate price for agriculture products. Under this situation I would like to give some suggestion to this government to prevent the farmers from endin g their life. Firstly, water is the main resource to any kind of agriculture . In this concerned I would like to heed the attention of government of India on the project of inter linking of rivers . As far as interlinking of river is concerned, it has been only a only an instrument for election canvass for fetching more vote and nothing more than that. No party in India till now to my knowledge taken a single step towards the project. This situation should change I humbly request this government to go ahead with this project so that we can at least wipe out the tears of farmers. Secondly the education, the farmers should be educated regarding their rights against unlawful local money lenders and they also should be educated regarding various new technologies for producing with low cost and high quality. They should be taught how to do agriculture according to the fertility and nature of soil, water availability etc. Thirdly, educated people should be encouraged to do agriculture. Fourthly, the government should consider some subsidy on fertilizer such as giving fertilizer free of cost etc. ifthly, fixing a standard price for agriculture product and also the government should eliminate the middle mans and instead the government should come forward for direct procurement or obtaining the products from the farmers with reasonable price. To conclude according to united nation one farmer commits suicide for every 32 minutes in India. Even though our government is having many expensive schemes it fails to implement it in an effective manner . It is mainly due to l ack of coordination between various government agencies and also between center and state governments in having dynamic schemes according to the situation. Government schemes should be according to the exact problems faced by the farmers and it must solve the real problems of the farmers. Therefore as a citizen of India I have bounden duty to inform my government that our farmer are under peril of losing their life due to the various reasons discussed above. Therefore it is the duty of the ruling government to heed proper attention to the problem and pave a way for saving our farmers. And I hope this letter will be considered as an attempt of a young Indian to wipe out all the problems faced by our farmers JAI HIND

How to Become an Audiologist -TheJobNetwork

How to Become an Audiologist -TheJobNetwork If you know someone who has struggled with hearing loss, then you probably also know how essential audiologists are to the healthcare community. Audiologists work with doctors and patients to identify, diagnose, and treat hearing, balance, and related disorders. They also work to help patients communicate with the world. The Day-to-DayClinical audiologists are experts in the science of hearing-related disorders. Their work includes:Evaluating hearing and balance problemsContinuing ttreatment of people with hearing and balance disordersPreventing hearing lossTesting patients’ hearingCounseling patientsFitting hearing aids and other assistive hearing devicesTreating balance disordersEducating patients on communication strategies (like sign language, speech reading, etc.)Audiologists typically work in clinical settings like hospitals, private medical offices, schools, and government agencies. They can choose to specialize by patients’ age (like pediatric or geriatric), by disorder (like tinnitus, auditory processing, or balance problems), or by treatment (like cochlear implants, hearing aids, etc.). They often work with other healthcare professionals, such as doctors, speech-language pathologists, educators, and other allied health professionals to help develop treatment plans for patients.Audiologists work a pretty typical 40-50 hour week, although some work part-time.For more on what it’s like to be an audiologist, check out these videos:Julie Martinez Verhoff: School AudiologistBecome an Audiologist or SLP Reward Yourself with a Career that Helps OthersThe RequirementsBecoming an audiologist requires a pretty strong commitment: most audiologists have a doctoral degree (AuD) from a program accredited by the American Speech-Language Hearing Association. They also need to pass the Praxis Examination in Audiology. Additionally, almost all states require a license, so be sure to check on your own state’s requirements.The SkillsThe audiol ogy field calls for a number of special skills and knowledge bases, including:Attention to detailMath and science (particularly biology and communication sciences)Critical thinkingPatient evaluationAnatomy and physiologyDisease managementCommunication skillsThe PayThe median salary for licensed audiologists is $73,060 per year, or $35.13 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Because this is a field that requires so much advanced education and training, members rate it highly: a PayScale.com survey of audiologists showed that they were â€Å"extremely satisfied† with their career choice.The OutlookLike most allied health professions, audiology is expected to keep on growing for the foreseeable future. The BLS expects an incredible 29% growth by 2024.

Evaluation on pulmonary rehab audit Dissertation

Evaluation on pulmonary rehab audit - Dissertation Example This dissertation has endeavoured to prove both the existence of such high standards in the practice of Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the lack of adequate means for LNFH to meet those standards. A random sample of 47 patients revealed insufficient assessments and records of assessments. However, it is very clear from reviews of many doctors who published their findings that PR should improve the quality of life of patients through an improvem...... The present lean Team made up of only two (2) Specialist Nurses and one (1) Specialist Physiologist at LNFH did not have weekly records to control. And the main task was just to encourage patients to exercise at least twice a week. To see improvements, the standard has been to try and be able to prolong those exercises or increase the distance and time for walking as well as to gather positive feedback through the accomplishment of Chronic Respiratory Questionnaires (CRQs). Pulmonary Rehabilitation programs at LNFH consist of physical cardiovascular and strength training, disease education, and nutritional, psychological and behavioural intervention. The benefits should eventually include the improvement in exercise performance, health status, dyspnea, increased quality of life and reduction in use of health services. The Respiratory Assessment Unit of Lymington New Forest Hospital provides a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Service (assessment and management) to the Hampshire PCT (SW) popul ation, following referral from Consultant, GP or Practicing Nurses following national standards. Phase 3 (supervised programme) and Phase 4 (ongoing lifestyle change management programmes) are available on an out patient basis. It delivers pulmonary rehabilitation at two sites, namely, Lymington New Forest Hospital and Hythe Hospital. This is to maximize capacity and offer a geographically more suitable location for patients. The course runs for eight weeks, on a rolling basis to improve compliance, and consists of exercises to improve limb strength and cardiovascular fitness. After a period of recovery and relaxation where refreshment is served and an education session is delivered based on the following core

Sally Soprano Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Sally Soprano - Essay Example Therefore, for the last two years, Sally was paid $25,000 for the last two years and $12,500 the last time she was paid. This indicates that Lyrics paid $12,500 per year. This reflects an inflation of 25%. Based on the last payment by Lyrics and the inflation rate, Sally must have been willing to sing for 150% Ãâ€" $12,500. This is the amount that Sally was paid most recently. Therefore, Sally said she would be willing to sing for $18,750. The author also provides a memo that indicates various issues that are to be considered in the agreement between Lyric and Sally Soprano. In the publicity section, the author poses two questions: what will lyric do? What will Sally do? According to the description of terms in the agreement, there are various sets of boundaries laid for the roles of both Lyric and Sally in terms of publicity. First, the two have specific parts to play in advertising for the sake of the company’s publicity. Lyric is to contribute a given amount of money to cater for advertising budgets. Lyric also agrees to increase the advertising budget by a given percentage while Sally agrees to contribute a dollar for every three dollars contributed by Lyric to cater for the increase in the advertising budget. However, this is subject to a given maximum dollars contribution by Sally. The ad Campaign will be given an input by Sally and her agent. In preparation for a meeting with Sally for a negotiation of terms of contract in this involvement, I will consider various aspects of negotiation that will enable me to strike a good deal for the interest of both Sally and Lyric. In this case, the context of negotiation in the agreement will be important. While it is necessary to maintain confidentiality in the negotiation between Lyric and Sally, it is also important to give a good image of a strong relationship between the two parties so that the public may appreciate

Ford and Toyota Analysis Essay Example for Free

Ford and Toyota Analysis Essay ord Motor Company was incorporated in Delaware in 1919. Ford acquired the business of a Michigan company, also known as Ford Motor Company which incorporated in 1909 to produce and sell automobiles designed and engineered by Henry Ford. They are one of the world’s largest producers of cars and trucks. Ford operates in two sectors, Automotive and Financial Services. In the Automotive sector reportable segments are Ford North America, Ford South America, Ford Europe, and Ford Asia Pacific Africa. In the Financial Services sector reportable segments are Ford Motor Credit Company and Other Financial Services. 1b. Factors affecting Ford’s profitability include: Wholesale unit volumes Margin of Profit on each vehicle sold – which in turn is affected by many factors, such as: Market factors – volume and mix of vehicles and options sold, and net pricing (reflecting, among other factors, incentive programs: Cost of components and raw materials necessary for production of vehicles Costs for customer warranty claims and additional service actions Costs for safety, emissions and fuel economy technology and equipment A high proportion of relatively fixed structural costs, so that small changes in wholesale unit volumes can significantly affect overall profitability General economic conditions and other uncontrollable external factors affect the automotive industry as a whole 1c. Toyota commenced operations in 1933 14 years after Ford. Toyota operates in the Automotive and Financial sectors as does Ford, with reportable segments in Japan, North America, Europe and Asia NEED MORE Toyota Motor Corporation is a limited liability, joint-stock company incorporated under the Commercial Code of Japan and continues to exist under the Corporation Act. Toyota commenced operations in 1933 as the automobile division of Toyota Industries Corporation (formerly, Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, Ltd.). Toyota became a separate company on August 28, 1937. In 1982, the Toyota Motor Company and Toyota Motor Sales merged into one company, the Toyota Motor Corporation of today. As of March 31, 2013, Toyota operated through 509 consolidated subsidiaries and 206 affiliated companies, of which 56 companies were accounted for through the equity method. Toyota primarily conducts business in the automotive industry. Toyota also conducts business in finance and other industries Toyota’s business segments are automotive operations, financial services operations and all other operations. The following table sets forth Toyota’s sales to external customers in each of its business segments for each of the past three fiscal years Toyota sells its vehicles in approximately 170 countries and regions. Toyota’s primary markets for its automobiles are Japan, North America, Europe and Asia. The following table sets forth Toyota’s sales to external customers in each of its geographical markets for each of the past three fiscal years. Automobile sales are affected by a number of factors including: †¢ social, political and economic conditions, †¢ introduction of new vehicles and technologies, and †¢ costs incurred by customers to purchase and operate automobiles 2a.2c A proxy is another person that you legally designate to vote your stock. If you designate someone as your proxy in a written document, that document also is called a proxy or a proxy card. A proxy statement is a document that SEC regulations require that we make available to you when we ask you to vote your stock at the annual meeting. NEED MORE 2b. dklsfjl; 3c. The Board has adopted the following standards in determining whether or not a director has a material relationship with the Company. Employee or former employee. No director who is an employee or former employee of the company can be independent until three years after termination of such employment Independent Auditor Affiliation. No director who is, or in the past three years has been, affiliated with or employed by the Company’s present or former independent auditor can be independent until three years after the end of the affiliation, employment, or auditing relationship. Interlocking Directorship. No director can be independent if he or she is, or in the past three years has been, part of an interlocking directorship in which an executive officer of the company serves on the compensation committee of another company that employs the director. Additional Compensation. No director can be independent if he or she is receiving, or in the last three years has received, more than $100,000 during any 12-month period in direct compensation from the Company, other than director and committee fees and pension or other forms of deferred compensation for prior service (provided compensation is not continent in any way on continued service). Immediate Family Members. Directors with immediate family members itn the foregoing categories are subject to the same three-year restriction. Other relationships. Commercial, charitable and educational relationships will not be considered to be material relationships that would impair a director’s independence. PAGE 25 Elaborate more 3d. In book 3e. Among the most important qualities directors should possess art the highest personal and professional ethical standards, integrity, and values. They should be committed to representing the long-term interests of all of the shareholders. Directors must also have practical wisdom and mature judgment. Directors must be objective and inquisitive. Directors must be willing to devote sufficient time to carrying out their responsibilities and duties effectively, and should be committed to serve on the Board for an extended period of time. 3f. Non-employee board members are provided with $200,000 of life insurance which ends when a director retires, company provided healthcare insurance at no cost, use of up to two company vehicles free of charge. NOT DONE 4a. Ford’s audit committee selects the independent registered public accounting firm to audit Ford’s books and records, and determines the compensation of the independent registered public accounting firm. Consults with the firm, reviews and approves the scope of their audit, and reviews their independence and performance. Reviews internal controls, accounting practices, and financial reporting, including the results of the annual audit and the review of the interim financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm. CONTINUED PAGE 20 4b. The Board has designated Stephen G. Butler as the Audit Committee financial expert.

The Giver :: essays research papers

The Giver - Main Character Jonas, the main character in The Giver by Lois Lowry, is a very strong person, which allows him to go farther in life then the people that surround him. Throughout Jonas's life he has known nothing but "sameness". He lives in a Utopian community where there are no choices and everyone in his world has their lives laid out for them. But, Jonas is given the job of "Receiver of Memory". He alone knows the truths of the world, a world with colors, pain, and choices. What he does with these truths will bring obstacles to his life that will show the readers not only his strengths but his weaknesses as well. Jonas is made to bear the truths of the world alone and is troubled by what he should do with it. Jonas at first doesn't want the memories because after receiving several of them, all that Jonas has known is being questioned and his world turned upside down. 'He is angry and afraid after receiving his first set of memories. Angry because of what has been kept from him and afraid because now he doesn't know what to do. Jonas is uncertain whether the world he learns of is best for his community and if people can be trusted to make decisions on their own. In a conversation to "The Giver" (person passing down the memories) about whether or not it is safe to allow people to make their own choices, Jonas say, "What if they are allowed to choose their own mate? And chose wrong? . . . We really have to protect people from wrong choices." But, by the end of that conversation he is uncertain about his feelings and about many other things. Jonas is confused because he doesn't know what he should do about it or if he should do anything at all. Jonas finally decides to change the world (at least the one he knows of), but he faces many obstacles trying to do so. Jonas speaks to the Giver about giving memories to the community . He wants to share them with everyone and change the way the community works. He wants to give them choices and show them that there are differences. The Giver says the only way the community will receive them is if Jonas goes to the beyond and loses his connection to them.

P1 -Unit 8: Business Communication Through Documentation

Unit 8: Business Communication through Documentation Title: Identify, using examples, the purposes of written business communications in four different business contexts Written Business Communications Introduction: John Lewis, as a business, was founded in 1864 when it was just a shop  on  Oxford Street, which expanded over the years to become the third largest retailer in the UK. John Lewis is a Public Limited Company, this means that anyone with the right capital can buy (or sell) their shares within the business, in order to become a share-holder and receive dividends from profits.In addition, as a business, John Lewis sells various products and has a variety of over 80,000 products ranging from clothes to furniture, in order to suit and cater to the needs of any of their customers . Furthermore, in this assignment I will be investigating the retailer John Lewis and its operations; in order to determine examples of effective written business communications, with the use of do cumentation. Written Business Communications Effective communication within a business (John Lewis) is essential, in order to ensure their success and profitability.But Firstly, What is Communication? Communication can be defined as â€Å"the exchange and flow of information and ideas from one person to another† [2]. This means that without communication, information or ideas cannot be utilized and no aspect of John Lewis can function properly. For example, if the delivery department cannot communicate with individual stores; therefore this means that John Lewis can’t coordinate with the individual stores, in order to determine what new stock is needed at any particular time.This results in John Lewis being unable to restock their stores properly, meaning products not needed are delivered for example. As a result, John Lewis looses out on potential customers and repeat sales, because consumers who wanted to purchase a specific product couldn’t due to the stock u navailability, leading to a loss in potential sales, repeat sales and profits for the business in the short and long term. Secondly, communication within John Lewis happens in various different methods, such as written, verbal and electronic.However in this assignment we will only be discussing the written communication aspects of John Lewis. There are various written documentation which are communicated throughout john Lewis. For example, letters, memos, text, faxes and emails are just some of the formal or informal communication methods used by businesses in the modern age. A written business document is a way of getting a message across internally and externally by employees or customers of John Lewis. There are various ways of written communication that are used by businesses.For example, depending of the situation an employee of john Lewis may need to contact their branch manager and the quickest, but maybe not the most formal way of doing so, would be by texting them [3]. Addi tionally, there are many forms of written communication, such as agenda’s, e-mails, letters, memorandums, reports, notices and minutes. A written business document is used as a type of communication as it is seen as a more formal and professional way to communicate internally and externally within a business.Purposes of Written Communication Most businesses understand that communication is crucial for successful business operations. The ways we conduct our business activities is changing rapidly, as a result communication, especially written has become essential, in order to deliver messages and information to any aspect or individual within the business. As a result, if used successfully the purpose of written communication, in my opinion, is to deliver information, in order to coordinates and establish successful business activities.This leads to an increase sales, and an increase in the profit in the long term for John Lewis. The purpose leads to the crucial question why d o we use written communication? Written communication can be used in various ways, depending on the sender and receiver of the information. For example, a manger will inform the owners or directors, by producing a written report telling them which products are selling better than other’s within a period of time. This form of written communication will be strictly professional and formal, informing them about changes in the business and there actives.However if an employee wanted to inform another member of staff about other issues then they could just email or text them, meaning a simpler, reliable and effective written communication process. Furthermore, it’s not only the internal customers but also external consumers who can communicate in a written manner with john Lewis. For example, a customer would communicate in a written manner with john Lewis if they have a complaint with any aspect of the business; such as a faulty product, leading to a customer having to ema il John Lewis regarding replacement of the product.In addition, a customer can also communicate with John Lewis because they have an inquiry to make regarding products or services provided by them. These are just some of the various reasons that customer make written enquires to John Lewis. Types of Written Communication Business Context| Document| Context(manager-employee or employee-costumer )| Purpose| Formal| Letter| Supplier to John Lewis,| To make an appointment to see the manager about supply of raw materials needed to produce the products in the production department of John Lewis. | Formal| Agendas | Set out topics to be covered at a meeting.An manger will send it to the employees he wants to come to the meeting | Usually sent out before a meeting to all the people that are meant to attend and inform attendees| Formal| Reports| Information, research and analysis on a specific aspect of a business,| Provides detail to help the businesses with decision making. So the purpose of this will be to inform an employee | Formal| Minutes of the meetings| A record of what actually took place at a meeting between manager and employees | It also records who attended the meeting, what was discussed nd how long and when the meeting took place and to confirm meeting feedback| Informal | Memorandums| They are mainly used for quick communication within a business, college to college | They are short, simple information meant to get your message across within a business, to the receiver and its purpose is to inform a staff member of manager what is going to happen or needs to happen | Formal | Schedules| Schedules are lists of planned activities or tasks that need to be completed and could be used between staff and managers | It is almost like a plan for the business, which can come in many forms such as lists or timetables and it is used to instruct people what to do | Informal | Notices| Important information on displays, or boards in order to inform employees or anyo ne associated with the business for example the marketing department and employees | This is done in order to notify and display general information which should be accessible to all members of staff. | The table above shows the various types of written communication methods, and their purposes. ConclusionIn conclusion I would state that this assignment has highlighted the importance of communication and especially the importance of written communication within John Lewis. Also I have discovered the various types of communication and why the different parties (such as customer, employees, suppliers) involved would use each method that suited their needs, as explained within the assignment. Bibliography – 1. NW-Link http://www. nwlink. com/~donclark/leader/leadcom. html Accessed on 24/09/2012 2. E-How http://www. ehow. co. uk/info_7785121_types-written-business-communication. html Accessed on 24/09/2012 3. E-How http://www. ehow. com/about_5563166_purpose-business-communicatio n. html Accessed on 24/09/2012 4. John Lewis http://www. johnlewis. com/ Accessed on 24/09/2012

Terminal Velocity and Free Fall

Terminal velocity and free fall are two related concepts that tend to get confusing because they depend on whether or not a body is in empty space or in a fluid (e.g., and atmosphere or even water). Take a look at the definitions and equations of the terms, how they are related, and how fast a body falls in free fall or at terminal velocity under different conditions. Terminal Velocity Definition Terminal velocity is defined as the highest velocity that can be achieved by an object that is falling through a fluid, such as air or water. When terminal velocity is reached, the downward force of gravity is equal to the sum of the objects buoyancy and the drag force. An object a terminal velocity has zero net acceleration. Terminal Velocity Equation There are two particularly useful equations for finding terminal velocity. The first is for terminal velocity without taking into account buoyancy: Vt (2mg/Ï ACd)1/2 where: Vt is the terminal velocitym is the mass of the object that is fallingg is acceleration due to gravityCd is the drag coefficientÏ  is the density of the fluid through which the object is fallingA is the cross-sectional area projected by the object In liquids, in particular, its important to account for the buoyancy of the object. Archimedes principle is used to account for the displacement of volume (V) by the mass. The equation then becomes: Vt [2(m - Ï V)g/Ï ACd]1/2 Free Fall Definition The everyday use of the term free fall is not the same as the scientific definition. In common usage, a sky diver is considered to be in free fall upon achieving terminal velocity without a parachute. In actuality, the weight of the sky diver is supported by a cushion of air. Free fall is defined either according to Newtonian (classical) physics or in terms of general relativity. In classical mechanics, free fall describes the motion of a body when the only force acting upon it is gravity. The direction of the movement (up, down, etc.) is unimportant. If the gravitational field is uniform, it acts equally on all parts of the body, making it weightless or experiencing 0 g. Although it might seem strange, an object can be in free fall even when moving upward or at the top of its motion. A skydiver jumping from outside the atmosphere (like a HALO jump) very nearly achieves true terminal velocity and free fall. In general, as long as air resistance is negligible with respect to an objects weight, it can achieve free fall. Examples include: A spacecraft in space without a propulsion system engagedAn object thrown upwardAn object dropped from a drop tower or into a drop tubeA person jumping up In contrast, objects not in free fall include A flying birdA flying aircraft (because the wings provide lift)Using a parachute (because it counters gravity with drag and in some cases may provide lift)A skydiver not using a parachute (because the drag force equals his weight at terminal velocity) In general relativity, free fall is defined as the movement of a body along a geodesic, with gravity described as   space-time curvature. Free Fall Equation If an object is falling toward the surface of a planet and the force of gravity is much greater than the force of air resistance or else its velocity is much less than terminal velocity, the vertical velocity of free fall may be approximated as: vt gt v0 where: vt is the vertical velocity in meters per secondv0 is the initial velocity (m/s)g is the acceleration due to gravity (about 9.81 m/s2 near Earth)t is the elapsed time (s) How Fast Is Terminal Velocity? How Far Do You Fall? Because terminal velocity depends on drag and an objects cross section, there is no one speed for terminal velocity. In general, a person falling through the air on Earth reaches terminal velocity after about 12 seconds, which covers about 450 meters or 1500 feet. A skydiver in the belly-to-earth position reaches a terminal velocity of about 195 km/hr (54 m/s or 121 mph). If the skydiver pulls in his arms and legs, his cross section is decreased, increasing terminal velocity to about 320 km/hr (90 m/s or just under 200 mph). This is about the same as the terminal velocity achieved by a peregrine falcon diving for prey or for a bullet falling down after having been dropped or fired upward. The world record terminal velocity was set by Felix Baumgartner, who jumped from 39,000 meters and reached a terminal velocity of 134 km/hr (834 mph). References and Further Reading Huang, Jian (1999). Speed of a Skydiver (Terminal Velocity). The Physics Factbook. Glenn Elert, Midwood High School, Brooklyn College.All About the Peregrine Falcon. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. December 20, 2007. (archived)The Ballistician (March 2001). Bullets in the Sky. W. Square Enterprises, 9826 Sagedale, Houston, Texas 77089.

Summary and Critique of The Gift of Sex Essay - 3607 Words

A Book Review of The Gift of Sex University Abstract This paper is a summary of the book The Gift of Sex along with my responses for each section in the book. Along with the physical aspect of sex, there is a spiritual aspect of sex, which is mostly neglected by todays culture and even by Christians. The authors believe that sex is also a spiritual and emotional act, involving the total person, the body, soul and spirit. There is a connection with the sexual relationship of a husband and his wife, and the intimate relationship of God and man. Revelation of this reality would bring freedom and fulfillment in God and in marriage. There are many aspects to a sexual relationship between a husband and wife,†¦show more content†¦Scriptures such as Jeremiah 7:9, 23:10; Isaiah 62:5; and the entire book of Hosea reveal that the relationship of God and His people is compared to a marriage relationship. The symbolism of the bride and groom is depicted in the New Testament in scriptures such as Ephesians 5 and Revelation 19:6-7. The autho rs believe that sex is not just for unity and procreation, but also for pleasure in the marriage relationship. The Song of Songs is poetry of the erotic relationship between a man and his wife, which is filled with passionate feelings. Christ has broken down the barriers between men and women, and therefore they do not have to live by different standards of sexual pleasure any longer. Men and women are equal in terms of value, ability, and position before God. Therefore, both husband and wife are commanded to give themselves to each other in marriage, with love being the guiding principle for sexual behavior. Penner and Penner (2003) believe that, it is important for Christian couples to understand the Bibles pro-sex message (Kindle Location 425). I agree that sexuality reflects an aspect of the image of God in us and I believe that the church should openly speak out about the biblical perspective of the gift of sex. The concept of marriage is portrayed in the relationship the churc h has with Christ. God desires an intimate relationship with each one of us; one that reflects the depth of a sexual relationship between a man and a woman. SexualShow MoreRelatedThe Gift Of Sex : Critique And Review Based On God s Truth6129 Words   |  25 Pages â€Å"The Gift of Sex† Critique and Review Based on God’s Truth Stacy H. McConville Course: Issues in Human Sexuality June 26th 2015 Samantha Moroz Abstract Biblical sexual fulfillment is only achievable in the covenant of marriage, which is how God intends sexual fulfilment to be. In marriage sexual openness and fulfilment brings the two individuals that are united together into a deeper more intimate loving state. This deeperRead MoreFeminist/Marxist Analysis of the Hunger Games Essay examples4753 Words   |  20 PagesIntroduction and Book Summary From Wikipedia â€Å"The Hunger Games takes place after the destruction of North America, in a nation known as Panem, which consists of a wealthy Capitol and twelve surrounding, poorer districts. District 12, where the book begins, is located in the coal-rich region that was formerly Appalachia. As punishment for a previous rebellion against the Capitol in which a 13th district was destroyed, one boy and one girl between the ages of 12 and 18 from each district are selectedRead MoreThe Test For Critique : Frank Parsons1873 Words   |  8 Pages Test for Critique Frank Parsons opened the first career guidance center in Boston in 1908, he began by asking prospective clients â€Å"116 rigorous questions about their ambitions, strengths, and weaknesses†( Myer 25 ). But then he did something more unusual: He measured their skulls. 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The poem uses references to the (imagined) British past to complicate any simple reading of the tale it tells in terms of sexual morality or transgression.1 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight opens with a summary of the events leading from the fall of Troy to the establishment of Britain: Sià ¾en à ¾e sege and à ¾e assaut watz sesed at Troye, à ¾e borgh brittened and brent to brondez and askez, à ¾e tulk à ¾at à ¾e trammes of tresoun à ¾er wroght Watz tried for his tricherieRead MoreFamily Developmental Theory2734 Words   |  11 Pagesand death Phase II - contemporary theory – Theorists Focused on Roles and Relationships within the family †¢ Family is composed of social roles and relationships that change with each stage of the family Phase III – Theorists critique the theory †¢ Look at the limitations and strengths of the framework. †¢ One criticism is that the framework is biased towards intact nuclear families, only one of many different types of family structures Major Constructs Read MoreSilent Power : The Philosophies Of Benjamin Zander2667 Words   |  11 Pageslistened to them and allowed them each a way to make their voices heard. 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Is Humility A Personality Essay - 2186 Words

Humility Humility is a concept that has been discussed, researched, and tested as a factor of personality. It has little empirical results in personality psychology yet can be determined by a series of tests in order to gain insight on similar characteristics of humility. One test is of self-report in which the patient records answers based on questions provided by the researcher. There is also the Implicit Association Test of Humility vs Arrogance, developed by Rowatt, that produces words onto a screen and the participant associates those words with themselves or with others. Another test is one in which the researcher will ask participants to identify if a target person demonstrates humility (Davis, Worthington, Jr., Hook, 2009). Each of these methods yield results but can also be discredited through further research. Psychology of personality theorists have indicated various perspectives in order to fully understand behavior and traits in personality. This proposes the question o f the amount of influence these perspectives possess on humility as a personality trait. Trait Definition Humility is a neglected trait that has had little empirical evidence until recently (Tangney, 2000, pg. 70). This is not entirely true by other sources’ definitions. Humility is described in the APA Dictionary of Psychology as a trait of being humble in which one understands their limitations of knowledge and capability and does not tend to focus on themselves (VandenBos APA,Show MoreRelatedCorrelation Between Openness And The Accuracy Of An Individual s Answers1098 Words   |  5 Pagesis that there is no significant positive correlation between the two variables. 2) Is honesty/humility related to claiming familiarity with unreal concepts (false alarms)? 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Human Hand Emulator free essay sample

The Human Hand Movement Emulator combines concepts of Mechanical and Electronics Engineering to form a robotic emulator hand, that can grip, move and perform similar tasks as done by a human hand at places that are inaccessible or not fit for the human hand. CHAPTER 2: WORKING PRINCIPLE: The robotic arm will work in two modes. 1. Input by human: The robotic arm will emulate the actions performed by human arm. This will be done using a virtual arm which will be controlled by the human. The microcontroller will sense the motions performed by the irtual arm, understand them and output signals to the robotic arm. The robotic arm will move based on the signals provided by microcontroller. 2. Pre-programmed set of motions: The microcontroller will be fed with a program. This program will contain pre-determined set of movements. According to the instructions provided in the program, the robotic arm will perform the movements. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Hand Emulator or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This mode of operation is generally useful in assembling. CHAPTER 3: Background of the project 3. 1 ARDUINO-An open source electronics prototyping platform Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use hardware and software. Its intended for artists, designers, hobbyists, and anyone interested in creating interactive objects or environments. Arduino can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators. The microcontroller on the board is programmed using the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring) and the Arduino development environment (based on Processing). Arduino projects can be stand-alone or they can communicate with software running on a computer (e. g. Flash, Processing, MaxMSP). An Arduinos microcontroller is also pre-programmed with a boot loader that simplifies uploading of programs to the on-chip flash memory, compared with other devices that typically need an external programmer. fig 3. 1 1-USB jack, 2-Power jack, 3-Power selection jumper, 4-Digital pins, 5-Analog I/p pins, 6-Power pins, 7-Reset button. Digital Pins In addition to the specific functions listed below, the digital pins on an Arduino board can be used for ipin has an internal pull-up resistor which can be turned on and off using digitalWrite() (w/ a value of HIGH or LOW, respectively) when the pin is configured as an input. The maximum current per pin is 40 mA. * Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. On the Arduino Diecimila, these pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the FTDI USB-to-TTL Serial chip. On the Arduino BT, they are connected to the corresponding pins of the WT11 Bluetooth module. On the Arduino Mini and LilyPad Arduino, they are intended for use with an external TTL serial module (e. g. the Mini-USB Adapter). * External Interrupts: 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attachInterrupt() function for details. * PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function. On boards with an ATmega8, PWM output is available only on pins 9, 10, and 11. * BT Reset: 7. (Arduino BT-only) Connected to the reset line of the bluetooth module. SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication, which, although provided by the underlying hardware, is not currently included in the Arduino language. * LED 13. On the Diecimila and LilyPad, there is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, its off. Analog Pins In addition to the specific functions listed belo w, the analog input pins support 10-bit analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) using the analogRead() function. Most of the analog inputs can also be used as digital pins: analog nput 0 as digital pin 14 through analog input 5 as digital pin 19. Analog inputs 6 and 7 (present on the Mini and BT) cannot be used as digital pins. * I2C: 4 (SDA) and 5 (SCL). Support I2C (TWI) communication using the Wire library (documentation on the Wiring website). Power Pins * VIN (sometimes labelled 9V). The input voltage to the Arduino board when its using an external power source (as opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). You can supply voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it through this pin. Note that different boards accept different input voltages ranges, please see the documentation for your board. Also note that the LilyPad has no VIN pin and accepts only a regulated input. * 5V. The regulated power supply used to power the microcontroller and other components on the board. This can come either from VIN via an on-board regulator, or be supplied by USB or another regulated 5V supply. * 3V3. (Diecimila-only) A 3. 3 volt supply generated by the on-board FTDI chip. * GND. Ground pins. Other Pins * AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analogReference(). * Reset. (Diecimila-only) Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button toshields which block the one on the board. Arduino projects can be stand-alone or they can communicate with software running on a computer (e. g. Flash, Processing,  MaxMSP). An Arduinos microcontroller is also pre-programmed with a boot loader that simplifies uploading of programs to the on-chip  flash memory, compared with other devices that typically need an external  programmer. ATmega8A Microcontroller The Atmel ATmega8A is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega8A achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed. The ATmega8A has 8 KB of flash memory for storing code (of which 2 KB is for the boot loader), 1 KB of â€Å"SRAM† and 512 bytes of â€Å"EEPROM† (which can be read and written with the EEPROM library). . 2 Servo motor A  Servomotor  is a  rotary actuator  that allows for precise control of angular position. It is a  closed-loop  servomechanism that uses position feedback to control its motion and final position. The input to its control is some signal, either analogue or digital, representing the position commanded for the output shaft. A servo motor consists of several main parts, the motor and gearbox, a position sensor, an e rror amplifier and motor driver and a circuit to decode the requested position. Servomechanism It is an automatic device that uses error-sensing  negative feedback  to correct the performance of a mechanism. Position control A common type of servo provides  position control. Servos are commonly electrical or partially electronic in nature, using an electric motor  as the primary means of creating mechanical  force. Other types of servos use  hydraulics,  pneumatics, or magnetic  principles. Servos operate on the principle of negative feedback, where the control input is compared to the actual position of the mechanical system as measured by some sort of  transducer  at the output. Any difference between the actual and wanted values (an error signal) is amplified (and converted) and used to drive the system in the direction necessary to reduce or eliminate the error. This procedure is one widely used application of  control theory. Block diagram fig 3. 2 Servo Motor control: Servo motors have three wires: power, ground, and signal. The power wire is typically red, and should be connected to the 5V pin on the Arduino board. The ground wire is typically black or brown and should be connected to a ground pin on the Arduino board. The signal pin is typically yellow or orange and should be connected to pin 9 on the Arduino board. The potentiometer should be wired so that its two outer pins are connected to power (+5V) and ground, and its middle pin is connected to analog input 0 on the Arduino. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: fig 3. 6 3. 3 Potentiometer A potentiometer informally, a pot, within electronics technology is a component, a three-terminal resistor with a sliding contact that forms an adjustable voltage divide. If only two terminals are used, one end and the wiper, it acts as a variable resistor or rheostat. A potentiometer is essentially a voltage divider used for measuring electric potential (voltage). Potentiometers are commonly used to control electrical devices such as volume controls on audio equipment. Potentiometers operated by a mechanism can be used as position transducers, for example, in a joystick. Potentiometers comprise a resistive element, a sliding contact (wiper) that moves along the element, making good electrical contact with one part of it, electrical terminals at each end of the element, a mechanism that moves the wiper from one end to the other, and a housing containing the element and wiper. Potentiometers can be used as position feedback devices in order to create closed loop control, such as in a  servomechanism. 3. 4 Flex sensors Flex sensors are sensors that changes the resistance depending on the amount of bend on the sensor. They convert the change in bend to electrical resistance-more the bend the more the resistance value. Flex sensors are usually in the form of a thin strip from 1-5 long that vary in resistance. Working Principle: Flex sensors are analog sensors and they work as variable analog dividers. Flex sensors are carbon resistive elements within a thin flexible substrate. More the carbon means lesser will be resistance. When the substrate is bent the sensor gives the output resistance relative to the bend radius. More the bend radius more will be the resistance value. fig 3. 7 Types of Flex sensors: 1. Uni-Directional 2. Bi-Directional Uni-Directional Flex Sensors One directional Flex Sensor is a unique component that changes resistance when bent or flexed . An un flexed sensor Style A has a nominal resistance of approximately 10,000 ohms (10 K). As the flex sensor is bent in one direction the resistance gradually increases. Range of resistances of the FLX-03 Style A sensor may vary between 10K and 40K depending upon the degree of the flex. An un flexed sensor Style B begins with a infinitely high nominal resistance. As the flex sensor is bent in one direction the resistance gradually decreases. Range of resistances of the FLX-03 Style B sensor may decrease to under 10K depending upon the degree of the flex. fig 3. 8 Some applications for the Flexible Bend Sensor are: * Collision detection on mobile robots VR Gloves and VR suits * Physics applications and experiments CHAPTER 4: Block diagram fig 4. 1 Explanation The hardware operates in a way that when you receive a serial input from potentiometer or flex sensors that tells the arduino to perform conversion of analog to digital data, the MCU would read the inputs and sends corresponding PWM output and then send it to the servo, which is connected to a potentiometer or sensor to determine its angular position. The servos are powered by an external DC power supply. Servos are controlled by sending them a pulse of variable width. Given the rotation constraints of the servo, neutral is defined to be the position where the servo has exactly the same amount of potential rotation in the clockwise direction as it does in the counter clockwise direction. The potentiometers were used to determine the position of the base and flex sensors for elbow joints. It gave back to the microcontroller a voltage feedback that was relative to the rotation. The ground and power lines are connected to the Arduino’s ground and Vcc. The wiper connections go into the arduino’s analog input pins. As the joint rotates the voltage changes linearly with the rotation. DC Power Supply to provide 5 Volts of power to the servos. CHAPTER 5: APPLICATIONS * Bomb disposal: to provide safety to the bomb disposal squad by providing an extra line of defense. * To lift nuclear wastes without harming the humans. * Mine disposal (dispose of old or unstable explosives, such as ones used in  quarrying  or  mining). * The robotic arm can be designed to perform any desired task such as welding, gripping, spinning etc. , depending on the application. For example robot arms in automotive assembly line perform a variety of tasks such as wielding and parts rotation and placement during assembly. In space the space shuttle Remote Manipulator System have multi degree of freedom robotic arms that have been used to perform a variety of tasks such as inspections of the Space Shuttle using a specially deployed boom with cameras and sensors attached at the end effector. * The robot arms can be autonomous or controlled manually and can be used to perform a variety of ta sks with great accuracy. The robotic arm can be fixed or mobile (i. e. wheeled) and can be designed for industrial or home applications. Robotic hands often have built-in pressure sensors that tell the computer how hard the robot is gripping a particular object. This keeps the robot from dropping or breaking whatever its carrying. Other end effectors include blowtorches, drills and spray painters this improves their performance. The scope of use of a robotic arm is very vast. There are numerous fields in which using manpower is dangerous. This project will try to act as substitute at these fields and decrease the load of risk that humans have to face. In many of the above stated applications, humans working in those conditions can be harmful. What we aim to do with this project is that the robotic arm will be used in place of humans. Taking one of the examples from above, it’s very difficult to execute precision work in sub-zero temperatures. So, we use the robotic arm to perform these tasks. CHAPTER 6: FUTURE SCOPE: * The robotic arm so far designed is able to lift the objects. It is able to lift the objects of medium weight. In order to extend it to some extent, more advanced tools and material with the capacity to withhold the heavy weight objects are to be used, which is then applicable in warfront and used as a rescuer at several places where there is a need and also in industrial areas, military, and so on. We would like to continue this project for the next year while extending some of the functionalities. We would like to make the project portable by adding motion as one of the features. We would also like to add wireless remote control and camera to make it flexible, thus increasing its fields of usage. REFERENCES: http://www. arduino. cc (About Arduino kit)? http://science. howstuffworks. com/robot2. htm (Basic Structure Of Robotic Arm)? Saha, H. K. Introduction To Robotics. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2008.? Banzi, Massimo. Getting Started With Arduino. OReilly Media, 2011.?